Yamachan'sSumo, SimplySumo, explained for beginners

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The Roof Above the Ring

There is a roof over the ring. Nothing holds it up — it hangs. From its four corners hang four tassels, and each one is a colour, a season, a direction and a guardian. It is the part of the building a broadcast never shows you properly.

The structure is called 吊り屋根 (tsuriyane) — a "hanging roof". It is suspended above the dohyo, and it is put in place before each tournament rather than being part of the building.

The four tassels

At each corner hangs a large tassel, (fusa). There are four, and they are four different colours. The Association sets out what each one means.

The four tassels at the corners of the suspended roof, each with its colour, season, compass direction and guardian deity. 吊り屋根 tsuriyane 青房 spring · east blue dragon 赤房 summer · south vermilion bird 白房 autumn · west white tiger 黒房 winter · north black tortoise Four corners. Four seasons, four directions, four guardians. The whole year and the whole compass, hanging over one circle of clay.
The four tassels as the Sumo Association describes them. The blue one is a green-blue rather than a bright blue.

Tassel

Season

Direction

Guardian

青房 blue-green

spring

east

青龍神 blue dragon

赤房 red

summer

south

朱雀神 vermilion bird

白房 white

autumn

west

白虎神 white tiger

黒房 black

winter

north

玄武神 black tortoise

The Association describes these four as guarding the safety of the ring.

What that arrangement is doing

Read the table down rather than across and the design becomes clear.

Four corners carry the four seasons and the four compass directions. Together they cover a whole year and a whole horizon — and they are pointed at one small circle of clay, about four and a half metres across.

That is the same instinct as everything else in why sumo looks like a ceremony: the sport keeps arranging the world around the ring rather than treating the ring as a piece of sports equipment.

Bigger than it looks

The Association publishes a photograph of the roof being installed before a tournament, and the point of the picture is scale: a single tassel is a large object, handled by people. A television camera flattens all of that, which is why the roof reads as a backdrop on screen and as a structure in the room.

It is not part of the building

This is easy to miss. The roof is installed before a tournament and taken down afterwards.

So it is not architecture. It is equipment — like the clay of the ring itself, which is built for each tournament and removed again. The venue is a venue; the roof and the ring are brought to it.

That also explains its size. Photographs of it being installed show a single tassel is large enough to be handled by people, which is not the impression a television picture gives.

The trap for new viewers

On a broadcast the roof reads as decoration hanging in the background, partly because cameras crop it and partly because the tassels look small at that distance. It is a substantial object suspended over the men competing, and if you attend, it is the first thing worth looking at — as suggested in going to a basho.

The colours you will actually see

One practical note. The Association writes the blue tassel as blue with green in brackets, and in the hall it reads as a deep green rather than the blue you might expect.

So if you are counting colours and find green, white, black and red rather than blue, white, black and red, you have found all four. Nothing is missing.

What to watch for

The next time a bout ends near the edge, watch the wide shot rather than the replay.

You will catch the corner of the roof and one tassel at the top of the frame. Once you know it is a season and a direction and a guardian rather than a curtain, that corner of the picture stops being empty.

Source: Japan Sumo Association, 大相撲クイズ No.7 (the four tassels, their seasons, directions and guardians), retrieved 8 September 2026. The English names of the four guardians are our own renderings.